How to Use a Hurricane Tracking Chart

A popular activity during hurricane  season is to track the path and progress of tropical storms and hurricanes. Known as hurricane tracking, its a creative way to teach hurricane awareness, learn about storm intensities, and to create and keep your own hurricane records from season to season. Materials Needed: Access to the latest tropical storm and hurricane forecastsA hurricane tracking map/chartA pencilAn eraserColored pencils (blue, light blue, green, yellow, red, pink, magenta, purple, white)A ruler (not required) Getting Started: Monitor the National Hurricane Center for current tropical cyclone activity. Once an invest develops into a tropical depression, subtropical depression, or stronger, its time to start tracking it.Plot the storms first position.To do this, find its geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude). (The positive () number, or the one followed by the letter N, is latitude; the negative (-) number, or the one followed by the letter W, is longitude.) Once you have the coordinates, move your pencil along the right edge of the chart to locate the latitude. Using a ruler to guide your hand in a straight line, move your pencil across horizontally from this point until you find the longitude. Draw a very small circle at the point where the latitude and longitude meet.Label the storm by either writing its name next to the first plot point, or drawing a small box and writing the storm number inside.Continue to track the storm by plotting its position twice daily, at 12 UTC and 00 UTC. Dots repres enting the 00 UTC  position should be filled in. Dots representing the 12 UTC position should be left unfilled.Label each 12 UTC plot point with the calendar day (i.e., 7 for the 7th).Use the Hurricane Tracking Chart key (at the bottom of the page) and your colored pencils to connect the dots with the appropriate colors and/or patterns.When the storm dissipates, write its name or storm number (like in step #3 above) next to its final plot point.(Optional) You may also want to label the storms minimum pressure. (This tells where the storm was at its strongest.) Find the minimum pressure value and the date and time it occurred. Write this value next to the corresponding section of the storm track, then draw an arrow between them.Follow steps 1-8 for all storms forming during the season. If you miss a storm, visit one of these sites for past hurricane data: National Hurricane Center Tropical Cyclone Advisory ArchiveAn archive of advisories and storm summary information. (Click on the storm name, then choose the 00 and 12 UTC public advisories. Storm location and wind speed/intensity will be listed under the summary section at top of the page.) Unisys Weather Tropical Advisory Archive 404An archive of tropical cyclone products, advisories, and bulletins from season years 2005-present. (Scroll through the index to choose the desired date and time. Click on the corresponding file link.) Need an Example? To see a finished map with storms already plotted, check out the NHCs Past Track Seasonal Maps. Hurricane Tracking Chart Key Line Color Storm Type Pressure (mb) Wind (mph) Wind (knots) Blue Subtropical Depression -- 38 or less 33 or less Light Blue Subtropical Storm -- 39-73 34-63 Green Tropical Depression (TD) -- 38 or less 33 or less Yellow Tropical Storm (TS) 980 + 39-73 34-63 Red Hurricane (Cat 1) 980 or less 74-95 64-82 Pink Hurricane (Cat 2) 965-980 96-110 83-95 Magenta Major Hurricane (Cat 3) 945-965 111-129 96-112 Purple Major Hurricane (Cat 4) 920-945 130-156 113-136 White Major Hurricane (Cat 5) 920 or less 157 + 137 + Green dashed (- - -) Wave/Low/Disturbance -- -- -- Black hatched (+++) Extratropical Cyclone -- -- --

American Culture Between The 1920 S - 2083 Words

Ever since Thomas Edison invented the Kinetiscope in 1894, films have been reaching its way to the heart of American culture. Since the roaring twenties, where the United States began to see the first movie theaters to the 1960’s, where films are officially a source of leisure and escape from reality. Films influenced American culture between the 1920’s through 1960’s by becoming an increasingly popular form of leisure for years to come while causing scandals, riots, and movements about films or about the idea of films in general by displaying issues in society such as racism, forming a need for censorship laws. Films have also provided a fantasy world for their audiences by showing a film about someone in their perfect life using ethical†¦show more content†¦An example of a talkie is the film, â€Å"Bright Eyes.† In 1934, Shirley Temple starred in the film as a young girl who lost her father to a plane crash. The film is a comedy, yet audiences w ere able to relate to the young girl as she finds her way through custody battles and more (Document 3). This was also the beginning of movie theaters. Movie theaters began to take the streets between 1900-1920, where people would pay between five to seven cents to watch around an hour and a half film (Document 1). There were a variety of ways to watch films, such as drive-in movie theaters. In drive-in movie theaters, the viewer would drive into a lot with a big screen and watch the film from their car. However, these were very popular in the 1950’s as apposed to the roaring twenties (Document 6). By 1920, such men had been replaced by teams of specialists. Another significant change was the relocation of the industry from the east coast of the United States to Hollywood, a suburb of Los Angeles in southern California. A third important trend was the emergence of several film studios that came to dominate production and distribution during the interwar era. By 1930, the str uctures and formulae of modern commercial motion pictures had been

Jericho Free Essays

Jericho is a Palestinian city located near the Jordan River in the West Bank. It lies at latitude 31 52 degrees north and longitude 35 39 degrees east and is 250 metres below sea level. Jericho is one of the most ancient human habitations. We will write a custom essay sample on Jericho or any similar topic only for you Order Now Bartlett (1982) suggests the most ancient human remains were found in it, some of which go back to 5000 years B. C. Bartlett also believes some settlements date back to 9000 years B. C. The Ancient city was occupied by Jordan from 1948 to 1967 (Bartlett, 1982). Over centuries communities became abandoned and new settlements set up. Hunters were attracted to this location because of the abundant water sources nearby. Aqueducts and other irrigation systems were built early on, making the city an agricultural center. By 8000 BC, about 2,000 people had permanently settled near present-day Jericho (Metzger and Coogan, 1993). Jericho was an important city in the Old Testament. The city was overtaken and devastated several times. However, it was always reoccupied — sometimes quickly and other times very slowly. Herod the Great, Cleopatra, and Augustus are some of the mighty rulers that once took claim of some or all of Jericho. Many Galileans would travel through the Jordan valley and go by Jericho on their route to Jerusalem. By taking this course, they could avoid passing through Samaritan territory (Metzger and Coogan, 1993). Jericho later fell to the Babylonians, but was rebuilt when the Jews were allowed to return from their exile. The city continued to be a resort during the rule of the succeeding empires. For Christians, Jericho took on importance because of its association with John the Baptist, who was said to have been baptised by the banks of the Jordan on the eastern boundary of the city. The Romans destroyed the old city in the first century, but it was rebuilt in its present location by the Byzantines. The city briefly returned to glory when Caliph Hisham Ibn Abd el-Malik built his winter palace in Jericho in 743, but an earthquake destroyed virtually the entire city just four years later. The city later fell to the Crusaders and then was recaptured by Saladin. Jericho was largely ignored and deserted for centuries afterward. The economy of this time was in a transition from one of gathering food, to an economy of producing food. The earliest inhabitants are known as the An -Natifiyyun. These people relied on gathering wild seeds for food. It is unlikely that they planted these seeds, but rather harvested them using tools. These tools included scythes with flint edges and straight bone handles. They used stone mortars with handles to grind the seeds. Some of the An-Natifiyyun lived in nearby caves. Others lived in primitive villages, excelling in architecture. Over the course of time, they learned how to make sun-dried bricks, and began to build more substantial dwellings. These dwellings were round huts, constructed from flat-bottomed bricks, which curved at the higher edge. Canals were dug from ancient Jericho to the nearby Ein Al-Sultan spring. These canals provided ample supplies of water for residential use. As their economy progressed, they used these canals to irrigate their fields. They constructed walls 6. 56 feet (2m) in width to surround and enclose their villages. Within these walls they erected a massive tower, (9m) in diameter, and (10m) in height. Today Jericho is often referred to as the oldest city on earth, with a history of over ten thousand years. This ancient city is located in the region of Canaan at the lower end of the Jordan valley about eight miles north of the Dead Sea. Hunters were attracted to this location because of the abundant water sources nearby. Aqueducts and other irrigation systems were built early on, making the city an agricultural center. By 8000 BC, about 2,000 people had permanently settled near present-day Jericho Jericho was an important city in the Old Testament. The city was overtaken and devastated several times. However, it was always reoccupied — sometimes quickly and other times very slowly. The city of Jericho, now identified with Tel es-Sultan, is thought by some archaeologists to be as much as 11,000 years old, making it one of the oldest sites of human settlement in the world. The earliest evidence of human occupation is a Mesolithic shrine and there is evidence one city build overtop of another for several millennia. The most prominent features of ancient Jericho would have been the large, high walls. It is the oldest walled city in human history and walls remain a significant aspect of archaeological digs. Jericho had stonewalls by 7,000 BCE, even before the invention of pottery. The first walls at Jericho were built during the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA) period, indicating that violence and conflict were important parts of Jericho’s history for a very long time. The first permanent settlement was built near the Ein as-Sultan spring between 10,000 and 9000 BC. As the world warmed, a new culture based on agriculture and sedentary dwelling emerged, which archaeologists called â€Å"Pre-Pottery Neolithic A† which were characterized by small circular dwellings, burials of the dead within the floors of buildings, reliance on hunting wild game, the cultivation of wild or domestic cereals, and no use of pottery. At Jericho, circular dwellings were built of clay and straw bricks left to dry in the sun, which were plastered together with a mud mortar. Each house measured about 5 metres across, and was roofed with mud-smeared brush. Hearths were located within and outside the homes. During the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B, settlement-phase the architecture consisted of rectilinear buildings made of mudbricks on stone foundations. The mudbricks were loaf-shaped with deep thumb prints to facilitate bounding. No building has been excavated in its entirety. Normally, several rooms cluster around a central courtyard. There is one big room ( with internal divisions, the rest are small, presumably used for storage. The rooms have red or pinkish terrazzo-floors made of lime. Some impressions of mats made of reeds or rushes have been preserved. The courtyards have clay floors. The dead were buried under the floors or in the rubble fill of abandoned buildings. There are several collective burials. Not all the skeletons are completely articulated, which may point to a time of exposure before burial. A skull cache would contained seven skulls. The jaws were removed and the faces covered with plaster; cowries were used as eyes. As new settlements arose they began to encourage the growth of plants such as barley and lentils and the domestication of pigs, sheep and goats. People no longer looked for their favorite food sources where they occurred naturally. Now they introduced them into other locations. An agricultural revolution had begun. The ability to expand the food supply in one area allowed the development of permanent settlements of greater size and complexity. The people of the Neolithic or New Stone Age (8000-5000 B. C. ) organized fairly large villages. Jericho grew into a fortified town complete with ditches, stone walls, and towers and contained perhaps 2000 residents. Although agriculture resulted in a stable food supply for permanent communities, the revolutionary aspect of this development was that the community could bring what they needed (natural resources plus their tool kit) to make a new site inhabitable. This development made it possible to create larger communities and also helped to spread the practice of agriculture to a wider area. The presence of tools and statues made of stone not available locally indicates that there was also some trading with distant regions. Agricultural society brought changes in the organization of religious practices as well. Sanctuary rooms decorated with frescoes and sculptures of the heads of bulls and bears shows us that structured religious rites were important to the inhabitants of these early communities. At Jericho, human skulls were covered with clay in an attempt to make them look as they had in life suggesting that they practiced a form of ancestor worship. Bonds of kinship that had united hunters and gatherers were being supplemented by religious organization, which helped to regulate the social behavior of the community. Because it is one of the oldest human settlements and perhaps the oldest walled city in history, archaeological excavations at Jericho provide invaluable information about how people lived and died thousands of years ago. Numerous tombs, furniture, pottery, and beads have been discovered. Politically, Palestine was a collection of independent city states at this time, with each city under the control of one King. The presence of massive defense walls suggests that these independent city-state Kings frequently attacked each other. The walls of Jericho from this time attest to that theory. Over the course of a 600 year period, beginning around 2900 B. C. E. , the walls of Jericho were rebuilt sixteen times. Invaders are not the only cause of this, as earthquakes, water in the foundations, and other natural causes played a role in the constant maintenance of the city defense structures. Most people know about Jericho in connection with the biblical stories of how the Hebrews conquered Canaan. Under the leadership of Joshua, they marched around the city seven times and God caused the walls to collapse as stated in the bible. Jericho is a religious city that has withstood the test of invasion, destruction, and time. How to cite Jericho, Papers

How should Shylock be regarded as a victim, a villain or something else Essay Example For Students

How should Shylock be regarded: as a victim, a villain or something else Essay Shylock is one of the main protagonists in Shakespeares The merchant of Venice. He plays an important role in the story as it is he who first lends Antonio money and the story spiralled from there. Throughout the story there are many occasions where Shylocks actions make him seem to be a villain but there are also occasions where he seems to be a Victim. Shylocks character was wholly based upon a stereotypical Jew but this was not necessarily how Jews actually were. In the times when Shakespeare wrote this play there were not many Jews in England. This meant that Shakespeare would have had to of created Shylock from what others said Jewish people were like, from word of mouth. This helps to understand why shylock is mainly portrayed as a villain because in Shakespeares times Jews did not have a very good reputation. England was a very Christian country and Jewish beliefs were thought to be wrong and were scorned upon. This is probably why Shylock was portrayed as the bad man, Shakespeare would probably not have known a Jewish person and so created the character on what Jews were rumoured to be like. Shakespeare does, however, manage to make Shylock a very realistic character; he gives him feelings and sometimes shows that shylock can be a victim. In the 16th centaury usury (lending money whilst charging interest) was thought to be wrong. It was thought to be wrong by Christians because through it people made money without working for it, Christians thought that you had to earn money not just be given it. This gave Jews a very bad reputation because they were usually the people who used usury to make a living. Shylock was no exception, he used usury and had quite a good life because of it but by doing this he brought a bad reputation upon himself. This reputation preceded him and would have made it almost impossible to be respected by Christians. Christians thought Shylock was wrong to do this and so he was thought by them to be a villain. Really he was just doing what he could to earn a living. This leads me to believe that the Christians were treating Shylock wrong and here he was a victim. When Shylock lent money to Antonio he did not charge interest on the loan but he did set up a bond. The bond was that Antonio had to pay back the 3000 duckets within 3 months or Shylock would be able to have one pound of Antonios flesh. This bond may sound like a joke but Shylock was deadly serious. Generous he may have been not to charge interest but there was a more sinister side to the bond. When setting up the bond Shylock was taking a long shot at trying to kill and get revenge on Antonio. In the past Antonio had treated Shylock with no respect at all: You call me misbeliever, cut-throat, dog, And spit upon my Jewish gaberdine, Here it shows how mean Antonio had been to Shylock. This treatment makes Shylock hate Antonio and all Christians. However it seems that this is not the only reason why Shylock hates Antonio: I hate him for he is a Christian, But more for that in low simplicity He lends out money gratis and brings down The rate of usance here with us in Venice. This shows that shylock is incredibly greedy; he hates Antonio because he gives out loans without charging interest thus reducing Shylocks business. This shows what Shylock values in life, his money and business were his two main concerns. These two facts make Shylock seek revenge and here he shows his true intentions when lending the money: If I can catch him once upon the hip, I will feed fat the ancient grudge I bear him. By saying this it really shows that Shylock wanted to take a long shot at getting Antonio, he knew there was only a remote chance of his plan working but because of his pure hatred for Antonio he was willing to take the chance. .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b , .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b .postImageUrl , .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b , .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b:hover , .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b:visited , .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b:active { border:0!important; } .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b:active , .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue20f6796ffee3c3e6f3b0862c15f8f3b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Why is Act I Scene V of Romeo and Juliet an effective piece of drama? How is this an important scene in the drama as a whole? EssayThis plot is clearly revealed to the audience watching or reading the play, it immediately makes Shylock seam to be a villain or the evil conspirer in the play. Shakespeare deliberately makes Shylock seem to be the nasty character, he may have done this because he didnt like Jews and wanted to mock them but he also cleverly gives Shylock at least one none biased reason for hating Antonio. He looks at both sides of the culture clash and shows that Christians could be evil as well. This particular conspiracy was not the only plot shylock tried to use. In the court, as the situation was starting to look bleak for him, shylock tried to use blackmail to persuade the court onto his side. He did this by threatening to damage the name of Venices justice system: And by our holy Sabbath have I sworn To have the due and forfeit of my bond. If you deny it, let the danger light Upon your charter and your citys freedom. This is definitely blackmail, he is basically saying that if he didnt get what he wanted then he would tell many people outside Venice that it is corrupt and the law is worthless. This would have been a big problem for Venice as their trading would be affected and so it was a substantial threat. In the end the threat did not do Shylock any good as the lawyer representing Antonio was excellent and in the end the threats were forgotten as more serious claims were brought against Shylock. Shylocks strict Jewish Faith and beliefs stopped him from socialising with Christians but it also pushed others away. Here I am referring to his daughter Jessica. Throughout her life she had her fathers beliefs enforced on her and she didnt have a choice in religion. He treated her with no real respect and completely took her for granted. All of this drove Jessica away from her father; she did not care for Jewish ways but, at first, went along with it to please her father. She later fell in love with a Christian called Lancelot. Even dating a Christian was strictly forbidden by the Jewish faith and so she was strictly breaking the rules. She decided that shed had enough and that want to live with her father. She loved Lancelot, so she ran away with him. This alone would have been enough to break Shylocks heart but when leaving Jessica also stole a large amount of Shylocks jewels and money. When Shylock found out about Jessicas actions he was outraged and made some very negative and characterising comments: I would my daughter were dead at my foot, and the jewels in her ear! Would she were hearsed at my foot and the ducats in her coffin! This shows how much he cared for his daughter; he would not care if she was dead as long as he had his jewels. This also shows how much of a miser he was; he valued his wealth above all else. This could just have been said in the heat of the moment; Shylock was very shocked and disgraced after having heard about what his daughter did and might have said things that he did not mean. The way that Shylock treated his daughter was not right, he did not give her any freedom and took her very much for granted but he paid for this severely by loosing both Jessica and his valuables. Throughout the story Shylock was always the outsider and was portrayed as an alien. In the trial scene Shylock was not called Shylock very often but was usually referred to as simply The Jew. Today this kind of discrimination would be regarded as racism and would seem very unjust. However, shylocks situation was very different. The out casting was probably because of his strict Jewish faith and he brought it upon himself. One example of this kind of behaviour from shylock was when Antonio invited him to eat with him and Shylock refused the offer very rudely: I will not eat with you, drink with you, nor pray with you Statements like this made Shylock an alien, he created most of his enemies through his own actions. If he had been kinder and had tried harder to blend in more, to get on with people regardless of their religious background then the Christians may have been kinder towards him and maybe would have treated him better. .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4 , .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4 .postImageUrl , .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4 , .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4:hover , .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4:visited , .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4:active { border:0!important; } .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4:active , .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4 .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u235a9d97d0e2bf322070cd9ae00380a4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: An Inspector Calls Report EssayIn the court Shylock did not come out with the outcome he wanted, in fact he got nearly the exact opposite to what he wanted. Antonios lawyer (Portia) was very good and managed to prove to the court that Shylock wanted to kill Antonio. This then led to Shylock receiving none of his bond and other punishments. These punishments were very harsh, they were that firstly Shylock would have to give half of his wealth to Antonio, the other half had to be given to his daughter and Lancelot when Shylock died and the worst punishment of all was that he had to become a Christian. These punishments hit Shylock hard, his faith which he had devoted his life to had to be changed, he had to give his wealth to his enemy and to his daughter who betrayed him. I think that the punishments were a bit to harsh but I can also see that Shylock brought it upon himself. If he had not so relentlessly sought after getting Antonio then he probably would not have had any of the punishments. Overall I believe that Shylock is both a victim and a villain. He is more of a villain though, he would not have been a victim in any case if he had not been so stubborn, arrogant and unkind in the first place. In some places the Christians might have been unkind but in most Shylock brought what he got upon himself, it was his own doing. The punishments in all cases were very harsh but as said before he did bring it all upon himself. I believe that he got more than he deserved for what he did but cannot give him any sympathy because it was his own fault.

Economic Crime In Russia Essays - Crime, Property Crimes

Economic Crime In Russia In Russia, where bureaucratic markets have been legalized, power and influence is highly monopolized, even by socialist standards. Liberalization and privatization of prices and trade have led to a cutthroat battle for redistribution of and control over property, resources, and allocation channels, and also have fed economic crime. Types of Wrongdoing Economic crime is hardly a new phenomenon. As long as people have exchanged goods, they have cheated. With the rapid development of technology and communications and the explosive increase in financial interactions between people in the second part of the twentieth century, economic crime has become a highly diversified and fast-growing industry. It is impossible to point to crimes that are specific to countries currently in transition, but some particular crimes flourish in transition, some could not be committed during socialism, and others decline when reforms begin. Illegal economic activities can be grouped in the following broad categories: Corruptionabusing power related to a particular job or position to gain unlawfully wealth or influence. Fraudfinancial gain obtained through loopholes in regulations, manipulation, or exploitation of public or personal trust (smuggling, illegal operations with hard currency, falsified bankruptcies, forgery, falsified credits, illegal capital flight, and so on). Theft and extortion (racket)direct (physical) intervention of criminals; expropriation of property or the property rights of others. Tax evasion. This category is beyond the scope of the this aticle. (Russia's tax police in the first half of 1996 uncovered about 12,000 cases of evasion resulting in 3,100 criminal cases, raising 13 trillion rubles for state coffers, and lodged penalties that will bring in another 9.3 trillion rubles, Interfax News Agency reported. Compared with previous years, the numbers reveal a change in government policies on tax evasion. During 1994 only 1,500 tax offenses were filed in court, of which only 20 cases were considered as criminal and only 10 saw sentences pronounced. In 1995, of 4,229 tax evasion cases, 1,611 were considered criminal and 312 evaders were sent to court.) There is a crucial difference between the second economy and economic crime. The second economy is a productive sector guilty of one main crimetax evasion; economic crime is only a redistributor of wealth. Crime Then and Now In the Soviet Union theft of socialist property, corruption, and illegal hard currency operations were the major economic crimes. Large-scale theft of socialist property and massive fraud involving hard currency could be, and were, punished by death. (William A. Clark analyzed trials of Soviet government officials and enterprise managers charged with economic crimes, as reported by the Soviet press between 1965 and 1990. Of the 849 officials tried, about 500 received jail sentences, with an average of eleven years jail for embezzling public property and eight for bribery. Thirty-two persons were sentenced to be executed.) In 1994, particularly, the Russian public discovered how much damage can be done by investment fraud and pyramids. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union new business rules, including the opportunity to establish limited liability companies, have opened a wide gate for fraud and other market type economic, white-collar crimes. Crime has become a highly profitable business in Russia. From an international perspective, the Russian criminal economy is extremely efficient. The sudden explosion of economic crimes has caught the Russian public and the government off guard. According to some estimates, the 1994 worldwide average per capita income from economic crime reached $100. The corresponding figure for Russia, however, was $130, assuming 38.4 trillion rubles in annual crime-related income (box 1). In Ukraine revenue from the infamous black economy reached $1.3 billion in 1994, or only $25.20 per capita. A high degree of the criminality in the transition economies was brought about by the privatization and marketization processes. These crimes are not specific to transition economies but rather are related to the process of redistributing property rights. In Great Britain, for example, the Thatcherite promotion of popular capitalism during the 1980s distributed shares of denationalized industries to a large number of first-time investors. Despite the best intentions of policymakers and special legislation to protect investors (absent in Russia when privatization started), many small investors were tricked into selling their shares at unfairly low prices to those who flocked to London to take advantage of the new, deregulated

The Landlady by Roald Dahl Essays

The Landlady by Roald Dahl Essays The Landlady by Roald Dahl Paper The Landlady by Roald Dahl Paper Essay Topic: Literature The story of The Landlady by Roald Dahl begins with a male character called Billy Weaver. Billy Weaver is a young, aspiring lad. He is only seventeen and has come from London to Bath to find a new exciting life as a worker in the Head Office. He looks for a place to stay and Bath and someone recommends the ‘Bull and Gate’, a pub with a mysterious old landlady†¦ Billy Weaver dreams of being like the workers at the Head Office, with their swift and brisk movements and high success in life, he has even attempted being brisk any movements that he does! The landlady is a mysterious character; she comes across as an old helpless woman who seems like she wouldn’t mind some company. She also owns the Bull and Gate, and enjoys stuffing dead ‘pets’, as she claims, â€Å"I stuff all my little pets myself when they pass away†. Roald Dahl builds up the atmosphere of the story by setting the scene in a normal way but slowly increasing the tension level. Nearer to the beginning of the middle of the story, Roald releases some of Billy’s thoughts about what he thinks about the Bull and Gate, â€Å"Beer and Darts in the evenings and lot’s of people to talk to†. By reading this quote we can see that Billy is social as he likes to meet and talk to new people and also have a round of friendly darts with someone. Roald makes the reader feel like Billy has been sort of, entrapped by a poster, â€Å"Each word was like a large black eye staring at him through the glass†, like it’s a supernatural force of some sort. The landlady also creates a lot of tension; she answers the door at once, â€Å"it must’ve been at once because he hadn’t even had time to take his finger off the doorbell! †, which is unusual as you normally leave about a minute before you answer a door. Also by explaining that she only had a few guests, that coincidently fitted Billy’s description, it shows that she is plotting something against him†¦ ‘The Landlady’ fits in the description of a short story almost perfectly! ‘The Landlady’ isn’t too complex and fits into a simple plot, in a short amount of space. The setting and main story and characters are introduced quite early on in the story so that readers aren’t left hanging and confused or even without a setting as the story doesn’t go on for all too long. It also has the compulsory beginning, middle and end and doesn’t have any prequels or sequels to it. I think that ‘The Landlady’ ties in with the links of a short story very well. I really enjoyed reading ‘The Landlady’ and also hoped for there to be a sequel so that we could find out about all of the gory bits of the story and where she placed Billy’s stuffed body! Although sequels do not tie in with the links of a short story so it wouldn’t have fit in properly. I really enjoyed the plot of the story and never would’ve guessed what the landlady would’ve done! Instead of ruining the surprise and telling you what this mysterious woman did, I’ll let you read The Landlady for yourselves. Enjoy!

Overexercising or Not Exercising Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Overexercising or Not Exercising - Essay Example As a result of it, obesity related health problems are common at present. Exercising is essential for both physical and mental development. It is necessary to burn out the excess calories from our body in order to avoid unwanted fat deposits in our body. These extra fat contents can cause severe physical health problems like high blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetics, cardiac problems etc. â€Å"Regular physical exercise is essential for the well being of an individual’s health. Physical idleness is the most widespread threat factor for heart diseases. Heart disease in men and women can be linked to a lack of physical exercise. Lack of exercise gives rise to a number of physical ailments including obesity† (Lack of exercise) The industrial revolution has contributed lot of inventions which reduce the scope for physical activities. For example, the invention of motor vehicles and the wide use of it for the transportation of people and goods have reduced the physical activities. Walking was the most common mean used for covering short distances earlier which has given the common man the much needed physical exercises. But as per the current trends, vehicles are used to cover even 100 meters of distance. New machineries invented have reduced the physical efforts considerably at home and workplace. For example, in order to prepare land for cultivation earlier people worked hard manually. On the other hand, at present machineries like tractors are used to prepare the land for cultivation which again reduced the opportunity for exercises. In increased influence of media on human life is another reason for lack of exercises in human life at present. The internet and television like mediums has encouraged people to spent more time in front of them and as a result the time normally people used for physical workouts have been robbed by these medias. Earlier,